Endocrine Abstracts

Background: The majority of complications in transfusion dependent thallasemic and with sickle cell anemia patients are due to iron overload. This is responsible for the beginning of haemosiderosis, clinical symptoms and dysfunction of important systems, specially after the 2nd decade of life. The increase of the iron accumulation is caused by hemolysis, high iron absorbance and mainly by transfusion treatment. The appearance of diabetes mellitus depends on the significance an...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is related to hypercoagulability.The predisposition for thrombosis disorders is caused by increased accumulation of platelets, by high concentrations of prothrombotic factors and by the reduced concentration and activity of the inhibitor factors. Abnormalities of coagulation inhibitors have been reported in many studies on diabetes over the last years, but unfortunately, the results have often appeared contradictory.</p...

Glucocorticoids (GC) act at different target tissues by binding two different intracellular receptors, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the mineralcorticoid receptor (MR), but the their effects vary considerably between subjects, due to a different sensitivity, which is at least partially, genetically determined. GCs are so named based on their actions on carbohydrate metabolism, namely on insulin-dependent processes. In particular, the effect of GC includes increased hepa...

Background: The diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism, a clinical situation characterised by reduced production of parathyroid hormone despite the low calcium level, depends on patient’s anamnesis, clinical aspect and the biochemical parameters.Thalassaemia, an inherited autosomal recessive blood disease, caused by the reduced capacity of erythroblasts to synthesize one of the chains that build up hemoglobine. The combination of transfusion and chelation ...

Introduction: The decline of renal function is closely associated to increased parathyroid hormone secretion, resulting to secondary hyperparathyroidism because of: 1) hypocalcemia; 2) hyperphosphatemia; 3) reduced activity of calcitriol; 4) skeletal resistance to the calcemic action of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 5) reduced secretion of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the parathyroid glands.The retention of phosphorus is considered to take an i...

Object: In Addison’s disease (AD), although glucocorticoid (GC) replacement is essential for health and, indeed, life, several studies showed that conventional GCs doses are involved in metabolic and cardiovascular alterations observed in this disease. As the effects of GCs are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), encoded by NR3C1 gene, different polymorphisms in the NR3C1 gene have been linked to altered glucocorticoid sensitivity in general population as well a...

Background: Studies in adults have clearly demonstrated that obesity is a main factor implicated in increased oxidative stress and platelet activation, both predisposing factors for cardiovascular disease leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, the metabolic syndrome (MetS), the clustering of abnormalities, such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and hypertension, which is an important cardiovascular risk factor in adults, is also h...